Annotated Bibliography on Parenting Styles

Larzelere, Robert E., Amanda Sheffield Ed Morris, and Amanda W. Harrist. Authoritative Parenting: Synthesizing Nurturance and Discipline for Optimal Child Development. Washington: American Psychological Association, 2013.
The researchers summarize most of the current parenting studies and integrate them to argue on the aspects of authoritative parenting. The authors also combine some of the best parenting styles and evaluate their influence on the revolutionary prototype of parenting. The book’s main objective is to demonstrate the contrast of authoritarian parenting on previous permissive parenting. The source argues that the only way parents can become authoritative is by combining demandingness and responsiveness. Further, conclude that authoritative parenting enhances firm discipline and an appropriate mix of warm nurturance.

These findings portray various styles parents can utilize while interacting with their children to instill discipline and improve child development. Most of the feedback and data in the book is guided by perspectives from parents who share their preferable mode of parenting. Besides, the research also focuses on clinical and developmental psychologists to form an evidentiary basis of its argument. The book has a separate section that indicates the responses received from psychologists, parents, and the youth. Notably, the authors have incorporated these findings and compared them to other previous studies to make an informed conclusion. The reliance of the book on primary and secondary sources has also aided in supporting other existing studies. It has exposed some of the authoritarian aspects and described specific ones as negatively affecting self-esteem and social skills among children.

By concentrating solely on authoritarian parenting, the book exposes the negative side of the strictest form of parenting. This source is relevant, as it will provide significant insights into how child development and behavior are affected by specific parenting styles. Besides, the book addresses three unresolved issues relating to parenting. Notably, these elements include children’s influence on parenting styles, the variation of parenting styles across cultures, and mechanisms that enhance the effectiveness of a parenting style.

Bakermans-Kranenburg, Marian J., and Marinus H. van IJzendoorn. “Protective Parenting: Neurobiological and Behavioral Dimensions.” Current Opinion in Psychology, vol. 15, 2017, pp. 45-49.
The article concentrates its scope on the natural protective parenting and how it fosters child development. The study also elaborates on the psychological dynamics that trigger inappropriate parenting styles. The authors conclude that despite widespread neglect, protective parenting is a complementary phenotype rooted in evolution. The work clearly outlines the comparison of protective parenting even among non-human species to prove the parents’ sole responsibility to ensure they engage in appropriate practices that influence positive child behavior. This study is valuable, as it covers the entire parenting stage right from the child’s birth to adulthood. Therefore, future researchers will understand the best intervention points for parents struggling to exercise appropriate parenting styles.

Corporate and State Policy in Parenting
Araujo, Maria Caridad, et al. The Early Years: Child Well-Being and the Role of Public Policy. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015.
The book focuses on the need for corporate and state intervention to promote children’s well-being. Primarily, it emphasizes on the need to establish additional policies that enhance the child-parent relationship. According to the article’s findings, the experiences that children accumulate at school, in daycare, and at home contribute significantly to their development process. Therefore, teachers, relatives, caregivers, and the government have a role in controlling and shaping most of the children’s experiences. The material adds value to corporate and state policy, by providing recommendations for some of the policies that would shape parenting and children’s lives. The development and implementation of these policies will improve the society in which children live.

Glass, Jennifer, Robin W. Simon, and Matthew A. Andersson. “Parenthood and Happiness: Effects of Work-Family Reconciliation Policies in 22 OECD Countries.” American Journal of Sociology, vol. 122, no. 3, 2016, pp. 886-929.
The corporate culture has affected parenting and deprived working parents of their happiness. This article discusses how most advanced industrial societies have parents with a lower level of satisfaction as compared to non-parents. The authors conclude that only a smaller difference in parental status, especially in countries that provide support and resources to families. The study analyses the international social surveys programs and European social surveys to evaluate the gap in parenthood happiness. Notably, the authors identified child-care subsidies and paid time off as significant corporate policies that create disparities in satisfaction between parents and non-parents.

Informatics and Computer Science Concerning Parenting
Soewito, Benfano, and Sani Muhamad Isa. “Digital Technology: The effect of the Connected World to Computer Ethic and Family.” CommIT (Communication and Information Technology) Journal, vol. 9, no. 1, 2015, pp. 23-28.
Through technological advancement, mobile devices have incorporated dynamic features that complicate parenting around the world. The article describes how rapid technological developments worsen the situation. The authors address the dilemma that parents face in allowing children to use modern gadgets, which increases the risks of raising immoral kids or leading to serious addiction. The research finds that more than 80% of parents have had a confrontation with their children due to uncontrolled access to online platforms. In addition, the study offers significant insights from its ethical assessment that can be applied in digital technology to mitigate most of the detrimental effects.

Pluye, Pierre, et al. “Perceived Outcomes of Online Parenting Information According to Self‐Selected Participants From a Population of Website Users.” Proceedings of the Association for Information Science and Technology, vol. 52, no. 1, 2015, pp. 1-3.
The study evaluates parents’ dependence on online information regarding child development and parenthood. The authors aim to uncover the positive and negative consequences of depending on online parenting information. The results suggest that parents with a higher level of income and education are highly dependent on online platforms for parenting guidelines. However, parents with a low level of education and income mostly depend on their own decisions and of family members. The study collaborated with platforms that offer parenting information and child development. The content is crucial, as it is the first to assess outcomes of parenting information from the parental perspective.

The Role of Fiction, Film, And Culture in Parenting
Willard, Mary Beth. “Reclaiming The Paradox of Fiction.” Debates in Aesthetics, vol. 14, 2019, no. 1, pp. 30-44.
The rapid development of fiction and film has drastically changed modern parenting. Besides, it has diluted the traditional culture to the extent of putting parents and their children in the same segment. The wealth of programming has exposed children to adult content, keeping them in unbearable suspense. This study collected rational, emotional responses about fictional situations and characters. The results show how children have become dependent on the fictional characters that they believe are real. As a result, they tend to behave like the characters and abandon their culture. The author exposes extensive fictional beliefs that are common in children and the parent’s failure to correct them promptly.

Legare, Cristine H., and Mark Nielsen. “Imitation and Innovation: The Dual Engines of Cultural Learning.” Trends in Cognitive Sciences, vol. 19, no. 11, 2015, pp. 688-699.
Most parents learn child development practices by imitating their peers and learning from the elderly. The article explains how culture facilitates parents’ capacity to work in tandem and contribute to child development. The study finds that the acquisition of cultural conventions and instrumental skills enable children to innovate and imitate their parents to a certain degree. Most importantly, the authors synthesize cutting edge research to provide insight on how to develop imitative flexibility and learning mechanisms that underpin unique human culture. Besides, the study describes how instrumental learning increases innovation and experience.

Activism and Parenting
Hursh, David, et al. “Resisting the Neoliberal: Parent Activism in New York State Aagainst the Corporate Reform Agenda in Schooling.” Resisting Neoliberalism in Education: Local, National, and Transnational Perspectives, 2019, pp. 89102.
Millennials may not understand what entails an inappropriate parenting style, even in public participation. Instead, they only know the modern world and respect no distractions when they mean to fight for their rights or those of their children. Hursh e al. note that parent activism involves more parents now than ever. It contributes to previous studies that demonstrate the inappropriateness of parenting styles that adversely affect child development. The authors focus the research in New York state where parents have a history of participating in activism as they resist the corporate reform agenda in schools. The findings indicate that when parents join their children in activism, they introduce them to a form of counterproductive resistance.

Gupta-Kagan, Josh. “Empowerment and Education: Civil Rights, Expert-Advocates, and Parent Politics in Head Start 1964-1980.” Teachers College Record, vol. 104, 2002, no. 3, 2002, pp. 516-562.
Parent politics are regarded as part of the inappropriate behaviors that affect the moral values of their children. This article seeks to outline the relationship between these practices by exploring the coalition between community action, child development, and civil right activist. The study traces the events that led to the building of a civil rights community and emerging academic interests. Notably, it informs about the root cause of parental activism and the consequences that children are likely to experience. The article notes that although parent activism has recently turned immoral, it was based on moral grounds in alliance with discriminated groups in society. The study will offer valuable insights to future fields of knowledge on the breaking point of appropriate parenting styles.

Works Cited
Araujo, Maria Caridad, et al. The Early Years: Child Well-Being and the Role of Public Policy. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015.
Bakermans-Kranenburg, Marian J., and Marinus H. van IJzendoorn. “Protective Parenting: Neurobiological and Behavioral Dimensions.” Current Opinion in Psychology, vol. 15, 2017, pp. 45-49.
Glass, Jennifer, Robin W. Simon, and Matthew A. Andersson. “Parenthood and Happiness: Effects of Work-Family Reconciliation Policies in 22 OECD Countries.” American Journal of Sociology, vol. 122, no. 3, 2016, pp. 886-929.
Gupta-Kagan, Josh. “Empowerment and Education: Civil Rights, Expert-Advocates, and Parent Politics in Head Start 1964-1980.” Teachers College Record, vol. 104, 2002, no. 3, (2002, pp. 516-562.
Hursh, David, et al. “Resisting the Neoliberal: Parent Activism in New York State Aagainst the Corporate Reform Agenda in Schooling.” Resisting Neoliberalism in Education: Local, National, and Transnational Perspectives, 2019, pp. 89102.
Larzelere, Robert E., Amanda Sheffield Ed Morris, and Amanda W. Harrist. Authoritative Parenting: Synthesizing Nurturance and Discipline for Optimal Child Development. Washington: American Psychological Association, 2013.
Legare, Cristine H., and Mark Nielsen. “Imitation and Innovation: The Dual Engines of Cultural Learning.” Trends in Cognitive Sciences, vol. 19, no. 11, 2015, pp. 688-699.
Pluye, Pierre, et al. “Perceived Outcomes of Online Parenting Information According to Self‐Selected Participants From a Population of Website Users.” Proceedings of the Association for Information Science and Technology, vol. 52, no. 1, 2015, pp. 1-3.
Soewito, Benfano, and Sani Muhamad Isa. “Digital Technology: The effect of the Connected World to Computer Ethic and Family.” CommIT (Communication and Information Technology) Journal, vol. 9, no. 1, 2015, pp. 23-28.
Willard, Mary Beth. “Reclaiming The Paradox of Fiction.” Debates in Aesthetics, vol. 14, 2019, no. 1, pp. 30-44.